Mac (Mojave) Keyboard Shortcuts
Cut, copy, paste, and other common shortcuts
| command + x | Cut the selected item and copy it to the Clipboard |
| command + c | Copy the selected item to the Clipboard. This also works for files in the Finder |
| command + v | Paste the contents of the Clipboard into the current document or app. This also works for files in the Finder |
| command + z | Undo the previous command. You can then press Shift + Command + Z to Redo, reversing the undo command. In some apps, you can undo and redo multiple commands |
| command + a | Select All items |
| command + f | Find items in a document or open a Find window |
| command + g | Find Again: Find the next occurrence of the item previously found. To find the previous occurrence, press Shift + Command + G |
| command + h | Hide the windows of the front app. To view the front app but hide all other apps, press Option + Command + H |
| command + m | Minimize the front window to the Dock. To minimize all windows of the front app, press Option + Command + M |
| command + o | nbsp;Open the selected item, or open a dialog to select a file to open |
| command + p | Print the current document |
| command + s | Save the current document |
| command + t | Open a new tab |
| command + w | Close the front window. To close all windows of the app, press Option + Command + W |
| option + command + escape | <a href='https://support.apple.com/HT201276'>Force quit</a> an app |
| command + space | Show or hide the <a href='https://support.apple.com/kb/HT201744'>Spotlight</a> search field. To perform a Spotlight search from a Finder window, press Command +Option +Space. (If you <a href='https://support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/type-in-another-language-with-input-sources-mchlp1406'>use multiple input sources</a> to type in different languages, these shortcuts change input sources instead of showing Spotlight. Learn how to <a href='https://support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/change-a-conflicting-keyboard-shortcut-mh35591'>change a conflicting keyboard shortcut</a>. |
| control + command + space | Show the Character Viewer, from which you can choose <a href='https://support.apple.com/kb/HT201586'>emoji and other symbols</a> |
| control + command + f | Use the app in full screen, if supported by the app |
| space | Use <a href='https://support.apple.com/guide/mac-help/quick-look-files-and-folders-mh14119'>Quick Look</a> to preview the selected item |
| command + tab | Switch to the next most recently used app among your open apps.  |
| shift + command + 5 | In <a href='https://support.apple.com/kb/HT201475'>macOS Mojave</a>, take a screenshot or make a screen recording. In earlier macOS versions, use Shift + Command + 3 or Shift + Command + 4 for screenshots. <a href='https://support.apple.com/kb/HT201361'>Learn more about screenshots</a> |
| shift + command + n | Create a new folder in the Finder |
| command + , | Open preferences for the front app |
Sleep, log out, and shut down shortcuts
| power | Turn on your Mac or wake it from sleep. Press and hold for 1.5 seconds to put your Mac to sleep.* Continue holding to force your Mac to turn off. |
| option + command + power | Put your Mac to sleep. |
| control + shift + power | Put your displays to sleep. |
| control + power | Display a dialog asking whether you want to restart, sleep, or shut down. |
| control + command + power | Force your Mac to restart, without prompting to save any open and unsaved documents. |
| control + option + command + power | Quit all apps, then shut down your Mac. If any open documents have unsaved changes, you will be asked whether you want to save them. |
| shift + command + q | Log out of your macOS user account. You will be asked to confirm. To log out immediately without confirming, press Option + Shift + Command + Q. |
Finder and system shortcuts
| command + d | Duplicate the selected files. |
| command + e | Eject the selected disk or volume. |
| command + f | Start a Spotlight search in the Finder window. |
| command + i | Show the Get Info window for a selected file. |
| command + r | (1) When an alias is selected the Finder: show the original file for the selected alias. (2) In some apps, such as Calendar or Safari, refresh or reload the page. (3) In <a href='https://support.apple.com/kb/HT201541'>Software Update preferences</a>, check for software updates again. |
| shift + command + c | Open the Computer window. |
| shift + command + d | Open the desktop folder. |
| shift + command + f | Open the Recents window, showing all of the files you viewed or changed recently. |
| shift + command + g | Open a Go to Folder window. |
| shift + command + h | Open the Home folder of the current macOS user account. |
| shift + command + i | Open iCloud Drive. |
| shift + command + k | Open the Network window. |
| option + command + l | Open the Downloads folder. |
| shift + command + n | Create a new folder. |
| shift + command + o | Open the Documents folder. |
| shift + command + p | Show or hide the Preview pane in Finder windows. |
| shift + command + r | Open the AirDrop window. |
| shift + command + t | Show or hide the tab bar in Finder windows. |
| control + shift + command + t | Add selected Finder item to the Dock (OS X Mavericks or later) |
| shift + command + u | Open the Utilities folder. |
| option + command + d | Show or hide the Dock. |
| control + command + t | Add the selected item to the sidebar (OS X Mavericks or later). |
| option + command + p | Hide or show the path bar in Finder windows. |
| option + command + s | Hide or show the Sidebar in Finder windows. |
| command + / | Hide or show the status bar in Finder windows. |
| command + j | Show View Options. |
| command + k | Open the Connect to Server window. |
| command + l | Make an alias of the selected item. |
| command + n | Open a new Finder window. |
| option + command + n | Create a new Smart Folder. |
| command + t | Show or hide the tab bar when a single tab is open in the current Finder window. |
| option + command + t | Show or hide the toolbar when a single tab is open in the current Finder window. |
| option + command + v | Move: Move the files in the Clipboard from their original location to the current location. |
| command + y | Use Quick Look to preview the selected files. |
| option + command + y | View a Quick Look slideshow of the selected files. |
| command + 1 | View the items in the Finder window as icons. |
| command + 2 | View the items in a Finder window as a list. |
| command + 3 | View the items in a Finder window in columns. |
| command + 4 | View the items in a Finder window with Cover Flow. |
| command + [ | Go to the previous folder. |
| command + ] | Go to the next folder. |
| command + up | Open the folder that contains the current folder. |
| command + control + up | Open the folder that contains the current folder in a new window. |
| command + down | Open the selected item. |
| right | Open the selected folder. This works only when in list view. |
| left | Close the selected folder. This works only when in list view. |
| command + delete | Move the selected item to the Trash. |
| shift + command + delete | Empty the Trash. |
| option + shift + command + delete | Empty the Trash without confirmation dialog. |
| command + brightup | Turn <a href='https://support.apple.com/kb/HT204592'>target display mode</a> on or off. |
| command + brightdown | Turn <a href='https://support.apple.com/kb/HT202351#mirroring'>video mirroring</a> on or off when your Mac is connected to more than one display. |
| option + brightup | Open Displays preferences. This works with either Brightness key. |
| control + brightup or control + brightdown | Change the brightness of your external display, if supported by your display. |
| option + shift + brightup or option + shift + brightdown | Adjust the display brightness in smaller steps. Add the Control key to this shortcut to make the adjustment on your external display, if supported by your display |
| option + missionctrl | Open Mission Control preferences. |
| command + missionctrl | Show the desktop. |
| control + down | Show all windows of the front app. |
| option + volup | Open Sound preferences. This works with any of the volume keys. |
| option + shift + volup or option + shift + voldown | Adjust the sound volume in smaller steps. |
| option + keybrightup | Open Keyboard preferences. This works with either Keyboard Brightness key. |
| option + shift + keybrightup or option + shift + keybrightdown | Adjust the keyboard brightness in smaller steps. |
| option while double-clicking | Open the item in a separate window, then close the original window. |
| command while double-clicking | Open a folder in a separate tab or window. |
| command while dragging to another volume | Move the dragged item to the other volume, instead of copying it. |
| option while dragging | Copy the dragged item. The pointer changes while you drag the item. |
| option + command while dragging | Make an alias of the dragged item. The pointer changes while you drag the item. |
| option then click a disclosure triangle | Open all folders within the selected folder. This works only when in list view. |
| command click a window title | See the folders that contain the current folder. |
Document shortcuts
| command + b | Boldface the selected text, or turn boldfacing on or off |
| command + i | Italicize the selected text, or turn italics on or off |
| command + k | Add a web link |
| command + u | Underline the selected text, or turn underlining on or off |
| command + t | Show or hide the Fonts window |
| command + d | Select the Desktop folder from within an Open dialog or Save dialog |
| control + command + d | Show or hide the definition of the selected word |
| shift + command + : | Display the Spelling and Grammar window |
| command + ; | Find misspelled words in the document |
| option + delete | Delete the word to the left of the insertion point |
| control + h | Delete the character to the left of the insertion point. Or use Delete |
| control + d | Delete the character to the right of the insertion point. Or use Fn-Delete |
| fn + delete | Forward delete on keyboards that don't have a Forward Delete key. Or use Control + D |
| control + k | Delete the text between the insertion point and the end of the line or paragraph |
| fn + up | Page Up: Scroll up one page |
| fn + down | Page Down: Scroll down one page |
| fn + left | Home: Scroll to the beginning of a document |
| fn + right | End: Scroll to the end of a document |
| command + up | Move the insertion point to the beginning of the document |
| command + down | Move the insertion point to the end of the document |
| command + left | Move the insertion point to the beginning of the current line |
| command + right | Move the insertion point to the end of the current line |
| option + left | Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word |
| option + right | Move the insertion point to the end of the next word |
| shift + command + up | Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the document |
| shift + command + down | Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the document |
| shift + command + left | Select the text between the insertion point and the beginning of the current line |
| shift + command + right | Select the text between the insertion point and the end of the current line |
| shift + up | Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line above |
| shift + down | Extend text selection to the nearest character at the same horizontal location on the line below |
| shift + left | Extend text selection one character to the left |
| shift + right | Extend text selection one character to the right |
| option + shift + up | Extend text selection to the beginning of the current paragraph, then to the beginning of the following paragraph if pressed again |
| option + shift + down | Extend text selection to the end of the current paragraph, then to the end of the following paragraph if pressed again |
| option + shift + left | Extend text selection to the beginning of the current word, then to the beginning of the following word if pressed again |
| option + shift + right | Extend text selection to the end of the current word, then to the end of the following word if pressed again |
| control + a | Move to the beginning of the line or paragraph |
| control + e | Move to the end of a line or paragraph |
| control + f | Move one character forward |
| control + b | Move one character backward |
| control + l | Center the cursor or selection in the visible area |
| control + p | Move up one line |
| control + n | Move down one line |
| control + o | Insert a new line after the insertion point |
| control + t | Swap the character behind the insertion point with the character in front of the insertion point |
| command + shift + [ | Left align |
| command + shift + ] | Right align |
| shift + command + | | Center align |
| option + command + f | Go to the search field |
| option + command + t | Show or hide a toolbar in the app |
| option + command + c | Copy Style: Copy the formatting settings of the selected item to the Clipboard |
| option + command + v | Paste Style: Apply the copied style to the selected item |
| option + shift + command + v | Paste and Match Style: Apply the style of the surrounding content to the item pasted within that content |
| option + command + i | Show or hide the inspector window |
| shift + command + p | Page setup: Display a window for selecting document settings |
| shift + command + s | Display the Save As dialog, or duplicate the current document |
| shift + command + - | Decrease the size of the selected item |
| shift + command + + | Increase the size of the selected item. Command + Equal sign (=) performs the same function |
| shift + command + ? | Open the Help menu |